a) \(x-15=-21\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-21+15=-6\)
b) \(42-x=-7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=42+7=49\)
c) \(12-\left(30-x\right)=-23\)
\(\Rightarrow30-x=12+23=35\)
\(\Rightarrow x=30+35=65\)
d) \(31-\left(17+x\right)=18\)
\(\Rightarrow17+x=31-18=13\)
\(\Rightarrow x=13-17=-4\)