a ) \(P=\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\)
Ta có : \(xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow2xy\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2xy}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}=2\)
\(\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\ge\frac{4}{2xy+x^2+y^2}=\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{4}{1}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2+4=6\) Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
b ) Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\forall x;y;z>0\) ta được :
\(\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2b+a}=\frac{1}{b+b+a}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được :
\(\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+a}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}\right)=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3b}\) hay \(\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3b}\ge\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+a}\)(đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
