a) Cho x, y, z > 0 thỏa mãn \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=4\)
Chứng minh rằng : \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
b) Cho a, b, c là độ dài ba cạnh của một tam giác . Chứng minh :
\(\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
c) Cho a, b, c > 0 thỏa mãn : abc = ab + bc + ca . Chứng minh :
\(\frac{1}{a+2b+3c}+\frac{1}{b+2c+3a}+\frac{1}{c+2a+3b}\le\frac{3}{16}\)
a) Chứng minh được BĐT \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)(*)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b
Áp dụng BĐT (*) vào bài toán ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+2y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+y+2z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT (*) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right);\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right);\frac{1}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\cdot\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
b) áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\\\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{b+c-a+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\\\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT ta có:
\(2VT\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}=2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=2VP\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c
a)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức
b)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{m}+\frac{1}{n}\ge\frac{4}{m+n}\)
c)
Viết giả thiết lại thành \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)sau đó làm như câu a
EZ game
c) \(\frac{1}{a+2b+3c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)+2\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left[\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right]\le\frac{1}{16a}+\frac{1}{32b}+\frac{1}{32c}\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{3a+b+2c}\le\frac{3}{32a}+\frac{1}{16b}+\frac{1}{32c}\\\frac{1}{2a+3b+c}\le\frac{1}{32a}+\frac{3}{32b}+\frac{1}{16c}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+2b+3c}+\frac{1}{3a+b+2c}+\frac{1}{2a+3b+c}\le\frac{6}{32}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{3}{16}\)
