1.a)\(x^2-ax+bx-ab=x\left(x-a\right)+b\left(x-a\right)=\left(x+b\right)\left(x-a\right)\)
b)\(x^2+ay-y^2-ax=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-a\left(x-y\right)=\left(x+y-a\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
c)\(x^3-3x^2-4x+12=x^2\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
2.a)\(2x^2-12x=-18=>2x^2-12x+18=0=>x^2-6x+9=0=>\left(x-3\right)^2=0=>x-3=0=>x=3\)b)\(\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-x^2=0=>3x^2-3x-x+1=3x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(=>\orbr{\begin{cases}3x-1=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}=>\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{3}\\x=1\end{cases}}}\)
a) 2x2 - 12x = -18
<=> 2x2 - 12x + 18 = 0
<=> 2(x2 - 6x + 9) = 0
<=> 2(x2 - 2.x.3 + 9) = 0
<=> 2(x - 3)2 = 0
<=> x - 3 = 0
<=> x = 0 + 3
<=> x = 3
b) (4x2 - 4x + 1) - x2 = 0
<=> 4x2 - 4x + 1 - x2 = 0
<=> 3x2 - 4x + 1 = 0
<=> 3x2 - x - 3x + 1 = 0
<=> x(3x - 1) - (3x - 1) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(3x-1\right)=0\\\left(x-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{3}\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{3}\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
bài 2
a)\(2x^2-12x=-18\)
\(\Rightarrow2(x^2-6x+9)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
Vậy......
b) \(\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-x^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2-x^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3x-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{3}\\x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy.....