Question

Answer 1

a.

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) ;\(\forall a;b;c\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\) (đpcm)

Answer 2

b.

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-bc-ca\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)

Answer 3

c.

\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c\left(bc+ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[b\left(a+c\right)+c\left(a+c\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\b=-c\\c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a^{2023}=-b^{2023}\\b^{2023}=-c^{2023}\\c^{2023}=-a^{2023}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(a=-b\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b+c\right)^{2023}=c^{2023}\\a^{2023}+b^{2023}+c^{2023}=c^{2023}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^{2023}=a^{2023}+b^{2023}+c^{2023}\)

2 TH còn lại tương tự