9.
$x^2+2x-y^2+1=(x^2+2x+1)-y^2=(x+1)^2-y^2=(x+1-y)(x+1+y)$
10.
$4x^2-y^2+4y-4=4x^2-(y^2-4y+4)$
$=(2x)^2-(y-2)^2=(2x-y+2)(2x+y-2)$
11.
$x^2-2xy-4+y^2=(x^2-2xy+y^2)-4=(x-y)^2-2^2=(x-y-2)(x-y+2)$
12.
$x^2-2xy+y^2-25=(x^2-2xy+y^2)-25=(x-y)^2-5^2=(x-y-5)(x-y+5)$


