a) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\5-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x^2+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x^2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
x=1
d) \(2x=20\)
x=10
e) \(\left|x-3\right|-12=5\)
\(\left|x-3\right|=17\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=17\\x-3=-17\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=20\\x=-14\end{matrix}\right.\)