Question

Trong mặt phẳng Oxy ,cho dường thẳng d₁: x - 2y + 3=0 và hai điểm A(1;3) B(-2:4).Điểm M (x;y) ∈ d₁ sao cho | \(\overrightarrow{MA}\) +\(\overrightarrow{MB}\)| đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất .

Answer 1

\(M\in\left(d_1\right)\Rightarrow M\left(x;\dfrac{x+3}{2}\right)\)

\(\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MI}\right|\)      \(\left(\overrightarrow{IA}=\overrightarrow{BI}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_I=\dfrac{x_A+x_B}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y_I=\dfrac{y_A+y_B}{2}=\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow I\left(-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}\right|_{min}\Leftrightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{MI}\right|_{min}\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{MI}\perp\overrightarrow{AB}\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{MI}.\overrightarrow{AB}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x_I-x_M;y_I-y_M\right).\left(x_B-x_A;y_B-y_A\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x_I-x_M\right)\left(x_B-x_A\right)+\left(y_I-y_M\right)\left(y_B-y_A\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}-x\right).\left(-3\right)+\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{x+3}{2}=0\Rightarrow M\left(...\right)\)