2.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\geq -2\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{x+9}=5-\sqrt{2x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x+9}-3)+(\sqrt{2x+4}-2)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x}{\sqrt{x+9}+3}+\frac{2x}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2}=0\) (liên hợp)
\(\Leftrightarrow x(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+9}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2})=0\)
Với mọi $x\geq -2$, ta thấy \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+9}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x+9}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{2x+4}+2}\neq 0\)
Do đó: \(x=0\) là nghiệm duy nhất của PT
3. ĐKXĐ: \(x\geq -1\)
\(x^2+\sqrt{x+1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2-1)+\sqrt{x+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(x+1)+\sqrt{x+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+1}[(x-1)\sqrt{x+1}+1]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \sqrt{x+1}=0(1)\\ (x-1)\sqrt{x+1}+1=0(2)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \((1)\Rightarrow x=-1\) (thỏa mãn)
Với \((2)\Leftrightarrow (x-1)\sqrt{x+1}=-1\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} -1\leq x\leq 1\\ (x-1)^2(x+1)=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} -1\leq x\leq 1\\ (x-1)^2(x+1)=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} -1\leq x\leq 1\\ x(x^2-x-1)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=0\\ x=\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-1;0;\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right\}\)
4.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\geq \frac{3}{4}\)
\(x-\sqrt{4x-3}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-7)-(\sqrt{4x-3}-5)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-7)-\frac{4x-3-5^2}{\sqrt{4x-3}+5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-7)-\frac{4(x-7)}{\sqrt{4x-3}+5}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-7)\left(1-\frac{4}{\sqrt{4x-3}+5}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-7).\frac{\sqrt{4x-3}+1}{\sqrt{4x-3}+5}=0\)
Dễ thấy \(\frac{\sqrt{4x-3}+1}{\sqrt{4x-3}+5}>0, \forall x\geq \frac{3}{4}\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{4x-3}+1}{\sqrt{4x-3}+5}\neq 0\)
Do đó: \(x-7=0\Leftrightarrow x=7\) là nghiệm duy nhất của pt
5.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\geq \frac{-15}{2}\)
\(x+\sqrt{2x+15}=0\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x+15}=-x\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} -x\geq 0\\ 2x+15=x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 0\\ x^2-2x-15=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 0\\ (x-5)(x+3)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=-3\)
Vậy..........
6. ĐKXĐ: \(x^2-6x+7\geq 0\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow (x^2-6x+7)+\sqrt{x^2-6x+7}-12=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+7}=a(a\geq 0)\) thì pt trở thành:
\(a^2+a-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a-3)(a+4)=0\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=3\\ a=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vì $a\geq 0$ nên $a=3$
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x^2-6x+7}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+7=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x-2=0\Rightarrow x=3\pm \sqrt{11}\) (đều thỏa mãn)
Vậy........
