Do \(x^2+x+1=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0;\forall x\) nên:
\(A=\dfrac{3\left(x^2+x+1\right)-2x^2-4x-2}{x^2+x+1}=3-\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^2+x+1}\le3\)
\(A_{max}=3\) khi \(x=-1\)
\(A=\dfrac{3x^2-3x+3}{3\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1+2x^2-4x+2}{3\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{1}{3}\) khi \(x=1\)