x2-2x-4y2+1
=(x2-2x+12)-(2y)2
=(x-1)2-(2y)2
=(x-1-2y)(x-1+2y)
a: \(=\left(x-1\right)^2-4y^2=\left(x-1-2y\right)\left(x-1+2y\right)\)
b: \(=3\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=3\left(x-2\right)^2\)
c: \(=4x^2y^3\left(3y^2-8xyz+7x^2\right)\)
d: \(=x^4+16x^2+64-16x^2=\left(x^2+8\right)^2-16x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+8-4x\right)\left(x^2+8+4x\right)\)
c: \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-2z\right)\)