ĐKXĐ: ...
\(P=\frac{3a+3\sqrt{a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}-\frac{a+\sqrt{a}-2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3a+3\sqrt{a}-3-a+4+\sqrt{a}-1-a-\sqrt{a}+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+3\sqrt{a}+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(\left|P\right|=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}P=1\\P=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}=1\\\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}+1=\sqrt{a}-1\left(vn\right)\\\sqrt{a}+1=-\sqrt{a}+1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a=0\)
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(P\in N\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}-1=Ư\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}=\left\{-1\left(l\right);0;2;3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\left\{0;4;9\right\}\)
Thay vào P chỉ thấy \(a=\left\{4;9\right\}\) thỏa mãn