Câu 8:
a, PT: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 160x + 80y = 12 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}+2n_{CuO}=6x+2y=0,4\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\left(mol\right)\\y=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,05.160}{12}.100\%\approx66,67\%\\\%m_{CuO}\approx33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, BTNT H, có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{10\%}=196\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,2\times2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_2+3H_2O\) (1)
x 6x 2x (mol)
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\) (2)
y 2y y (mol)
-Gọi x là \(n_{Fe_2O_3}\); y là \(n_{CuO}\).
-Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x+2y=0,4\\160x+80y=12\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,05\times160\times100}{12}\approx66,67\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
b) PT: \(Fe_2O_3+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow2FeSO_4+2H_2O\) (3)
0,05 0,1 (mol)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\) (4)
0,05 0,05 (mol)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,05\right)\times98\times100}{10}=147\left(g\right)\)