Ta có : \(4P=\frac{16}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{\left(4+1\right)^2}{x+y}=\frac{25}{\frac{5}{4}}=20\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge5\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\frac{5}{4}\\\frac{4}{x}=\frac{1}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)