\(U_n=\dfrac{an^2-1}{n^2+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{an^2+3a-3a-1}{n^2+3}\)
\(=a+\dfrac{-3a-1}{n^2+3}\)
Để dãy này là dãy tăng thì \(U_{n+1}>U_n\)
=>\(a+\dfrac{-3a-1}{\left(n+1\right)^2+3}>a+\dfrac{-3a-1}{n^2+3}\)
=>\(\dfrac{-3a-1}{\left(n+1\right)^2+3}>\dfrac{-3a-1}{n^2+3}\)
=>\(\dfrac{3a+1}{\left(n+1\right)^2+3}< \dfrac{3a+1}{n^2+3}\)(1)
TH1: 3a+1>0
=>a>-1/3
(1)=>\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2+3}< \dfrac{1}{n^2+3}\)
=>\(\left(n+1\right)^2+3>n^2+3\)
=>\(\left(n+1\right)^2>n^2\)
=>\(n^2+2n+1-n^2>0\)
=>\(2n+1>0\)(luôn đúng với mọi n>=1)
TH2: 3a+1<0
=>a<-1/3
(2) trở thành \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2+3}>\dfrac{1}{n^2+3}\)
=>\(\left(n+1\right)^2+3< n^2+3\)
=>\(n^2+2n+1-n^2< 0\)
=>2n+1<0
=>2n<-1
=>\(n< -\dfrac{1}{2}\)(loại)
Vậy: \(a>-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
