Cho a, b, c, d > 0. CMR:
Nếu \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\) thì \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)
Áp dụng, chứng minh BĐT sau:
a) \(1< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< 2\)
b) \(1< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\)
c) \(2< \dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c+d}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d+a}{d+a+b}< 3\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+ac< ba+bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac< bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a< b\)(đúng)
a)Áp dụng
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=2\left(1\right)\)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+a+b}=1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)=> đpcm
Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow a< b\Rightarrow ac< bc\Rightarrow ac+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}< \dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)a) ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< 2\)
b)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b +c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)\(\Leftrightarrow1< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\)
\(\dfrac{a +b}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{c+d}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c+d}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d+a}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{a+b+d}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b+c+a}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{c+d+b}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d+a+b}{a+b+c+d}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a+b}{a+c+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c+d}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d+a}{d+a+b}< \dfrac{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)\(\Leftrightarrow2< \dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{c+d}{c+d+a}+\dfrac{d+a}{d+a+b}< 3\)
