a) 2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (1)
nAl = \(\dfrac{40,8}{27}\) \(\approx\) 1,5(mol)
Theo PT (1) ta có: n\(H_2\) = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)nAl = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\).1,5 = 2,25(mol)
V\(H_2\) = 2,25.22,4 = 50,4(l)
b)Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> 2Fe + 3H2O (2)
n\(Fe_2O_3\) = \(\dfrac{59}{160}\) = 0,36875(mol)
So sánh tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,36875}{1}< \dfrac{2,25}{3}\)=> H2 dư, bài toán tính theo Fe2O3
Theo PT (2) ta có: n\(H_2\) = 3n\(Fe_2O_3\) = 3.0,36875 = 1,10625(mol)
=> n\(H_2\) dư = 2,25 - 1,10625 = 1,14375(mol)
=> m\(H_2\) dư = 1,14375.2 = 2,2875(g)