1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3ab.\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right).\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c.\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab.\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right).\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right).\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-bc-ab-ca\right)\)
Mà \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right).\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-bc-ab-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\RightarrowĐpcm.\)
2. Dễ rồi.
3.
\(A=2.\left(x-y\right).\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-3.\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(A=4.\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)-3x^2-6xy-3y^2\)
\(A=4x^2+4xy+4y^2-3x^2-6xy-3y^2\)
\(A=x^2-2xy+y^2\)
\(A=\left(x-y\right)^2\)
Thay \(x-y=2\) vào ta có:
\(A=\left(x-y\right)^2\)\(=2^2=4\)
4. \(A=x^2-3x+5\)
\(A=x^2-2.x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(A=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_A=\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
\(B=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(B=4x^2-4x+1+x^2+4x+4\)
\(B=5x^2+5\)
Ta có: \(5x^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow5x^2+5\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_B=5\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
