a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
Ta có : nZn = \(\dfrac{8,125}{65}\) = 0,125 mol
mHCl = 250. 7,3% = 18,25 (g)
=> nHCl = \(\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}\) = 0,5 mol
Vì \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}\) < \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => HCl dư
Cứ 1 mol Zn --> 1 mol H2
0,125 mol --> 0,125 mol
=> \(V_{H_2}\) = 0,125 . 22,4 = 2,8 l
b) Áp dụng ĐLBTKL ta có:
mZn + mHCl = mdd sau p/ứ + mH2
=> mdd sau p/ứ = 8,125 + 250 - 0,125.2 = 257,875 (g)
=> \(C\%_{ZnCl_2}\) = \(\dfrac{0,125\times136}{257,875}\times100\%\) = 6,59%
=> C%HCl dư = \(\dfrac{\left(0,5-0,125\times2\right)\times36,5}{257,875}\times100\%\) = 3,54%