a) \(4{{\rm{x}}^2} + 28{\rm{x}} + 49 = {\left( {2{\rm{x}}} \right)^2} + 2.2{\rm{x}}.7 + {7^2} = {\left( {2{\rm{x}} + 7} \right)^2}\)
b) \(16{y^2} - 8y + 1 = {\left( {4y} \right)^2} - 2.4y.1 + {1^2} = {\left( {4y - 1} \right)^2}\)
c) \(4{{\rm{a}}^2} + 20{\rm{a}}b + 25{b^2} = {\left( {2{\rm{a}}} \right)^2} + 2.2{\rm{a}}.5b + {\left( {5b} \right)^2} = {\left( {2{\rm{a}} + 5b} \right)^2}\)
d) \(9{{\rm{x}}^2} - 6{\rm{x}}y + {y^2} = {\left( {3{\rm{x}}} \right)^2} - 2.3{\rm{x}}.y + {y^2} = {\left( {3{\rm{x}} - y} \right)^2}\)