\(m_{dd.BaCl_2}=400.1,003=401,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{401,2.5,2\%}{208}=0,1003\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{dd.H_2SO_4}=100.1,14=114\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{114.20\%}{98}=\dfrac{57}{245}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: BaCl2 + H2SO4 --> BaSO4 + 2HCl
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1003}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{57}{245}}{1}\) => BaCl2 hết, H2SO4 dư
PTHH: BaCl2 + H2SO4 --> BaSO4 + 2HCl
0,1003->0,1003-->0,1003-->0,2006
mdd sau pư = 401,2 + 114 - 0,1003.233 = 491,8301 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{98\left(\dfrac{57}{245}-0,1003\right)}{491,8301}.100\%=2,637\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2006.36,5}{491,8301}.100\%=1,489\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
mddBaCl2 = 1,003 . 400 = 401,2 (g) mBaCl2 = 401,2 . 5,2% = 20,8624 (g)
nBaCl2 = 20,8624/208 = 0,1003 (mol)
mddH2SO4 = 1,14.100 = 114 (g) mH2SO4 = 114 . 20% = 22,8 (g)
nH2SO4 = 22,8/98 (mol)
PTHH: BaCl2 + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 + 2HCl
Bđ: 0,1003 22,8/98
Pư: 0,1003 -> 0,1003 -> 0,1003 -> 0,2006 (mol)
Sau: 0 0,132 0,1003 0,2006 (mol)
Dung dịch sau phản ứng chứa:
mH2SO4 dư = 22,8 - 0,1003.98 = 12,9706 (g)
mHCl = 0,2006.36,5 = 7,3219 (g)
Khối lượng dd sau pư: mdd sau pư = mddBaCl2 + mddH2SO4 - mBaSO4
= 401,2 + 114 - 0,1003.233 = 491,8301 (g)
Nồng độ phần trăm:
C% H2SO4 = (12,9706/491,8301).100% ≈ 2,64%
C% HCl = (7,3219/491,8301).100% ≈ 1,49%