\(a,A=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1+x-2\sqrt{x}+1-3\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\\ A=\dfrac{2x-3\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\\ b,A=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-3}{\sqrt{x}+1}=2-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{1;3\right\}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;4\right\}\left(tm\right)\)
a) \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}+\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1+x-2\sqrt{x}+1-3\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2x-3\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(2x-2\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)