Bài 5:
a)
\(x^4+x^3+x+1\\ =x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\\ =\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b)
\(x^4-x^3-x+1\\ =x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\\ =\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x-1\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
c)
\(3x^2-12y^2\\ =\left(\sqrt{3}x\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{12}y\right)^2\\ =\left(\sqrt{3}x-\sqrt{12}y\right)\left(\sqrt{3}x+\sqrt{12}y\right)\\ =\sqrt{3}\left(x-\sqrt{4}y\right).\sqrt{3}\left(x+\sqrt{4}y\right)\\ =3\left(x-\sqrt{4}y\right)\left(x+\sqrt{4}y\right)\)
7:
a: (2x-1)^2-25=0
=>(2x-1)^2=25
=>2x-1=-5 hoặc 2x-1=5
=>2x=6 hoặc 2x=-4
=>x=-2 hoặc x=3
b: 8x^3-50x=0
=>4x^3-25x=0
=>x(4x^2-25)=0
=>x(2x-5)(2x+5)=0
=>x=0 hoặc 2x-5=0 hoặc 2x+5=0
=>x=0;x=5/2;x=-5/2
c: 3x(x-1)+(x-1)=0
=>(x-1)(3x+1)=0
=>x=1 hoặc x=-1/3
d: =>2(x+3)-x(x+3)=0
=>(x+3)(2-x)=0
=>x=-3 hoặc x=2
e: Thiếu vế phải rồi bạn
f: x^3+27+(x+3)(x-9)=0
=>(x+3)(x^2-3x+9)+(x+3)(x-9)=0
=>(x+3)(x^2-3x+9+x-9)=0
=>(x+3)(x^2-2x)=0
=>x(x-2)(x+3)=0
=>\(x\in\left\{0;2;-3\right\}\)
Bài 6:
\(B=\left(x-1\right)x^2-4x\left(x-1\right)+4\left(x-1\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2\)
Thay x = 3 vào biểu thức B, ta có:
\(B=\left(3-1\right)\left(3-2\right)^2=2\cdot1^2=2\)
Bài 7:
\(a,\left(2x-1\right)^2-25=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1-5\right)\left(2x-1+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-6\right)\left(2x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,8x^3-50x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2x\left(4x^2-25\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\4x^2=25\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,3x\left(x-1\right)+x-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 7:
\(d,2\left(x+3\right)-x^2-3x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(x+3\right)-x\left(x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(2-x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(e,4x^2-25-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+7\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+7\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5-2x-7\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-2\left(2x-5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(g,x^3+27+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9+x-9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-2x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
