a: \(2\left(x^3+y^3\right)-3\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]-3\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]\)
\(=2\left[1-3xy\right]-3\left[1-2xy\right]\)
\(=2-6xy-3+6xy=-1\)
b: \(\left(4x-1\right)^3-\left(4x-3\right)\left(16x^2+3\right)\)
\(=64x^3-48x^2+12x-1-\left(64x^3+12x-48x^2-9\right)\)
\(=64x^3-48x^2+12x-1-64x^3-12x+48x^2+9\)
=8