Ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}M{A^2} + M{B^2} + M{C^2} = {\overrightarrow {MA} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {MB} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {MC} ^2}\\ = {\left( {\overrightarrow {MG} + \overrightarrow {GA} } \right)^2} + {\left( {\overrightarrow {MG} + \overrightarrow {GB} } \right)^2} + {\left( {\overrightarrow {MG} + \overrightarrow {GC} } \right)^2}\\ = {\overrightarrow {MG} ^2} + 2\overrightarrow {MG} .\overrightarrow {GA} + {\overrightarrow {GA} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {MG} ^2} + 2\overrightarrow {MG} .\overrightarrow {GB} + {\overrightarrow {GB} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {MG} ^2} + 2\overrightarrow {MG} .\overrightarrow {GC} + {\overrightarrow {GC} ^2}\\ = 3{\overrightarrow {MG} ^2} + 2\overrightarrow {MG} .\left( {\overrightarrow {GA} + \overrightarrow {GB} + \overrightarrow {GC} } \right) + {\overrightarrow {GA} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {GB} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {GC} ^2}\\ = 3{\overrightarrow {MG} ^2} + 2\overrightarrow {MG} .\overrightarrow 0 + {\overrightarrow {GA} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {GB} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {GC} ^2}\end{array}\)
( do G là trọng tâm tam giác ABC)
\(\begin{array}{l} = 3{\overrightarrow {MG} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {GA} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {GB} ^2} + {\overrightarrow {GC} ^2}\\ = 3M{G^2} + G{A^2} + G{B^2} + G{C^2}\end{array}\) (đpcm).
