Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}=\dfrac{3a}{3b}=\dfrac{2c}{2d}=\dfrac{3a-2c}{3b-2d}\)
a/ \(\dfrac{a.c}{b.d}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right).\left(a-c\right)}{\left(b+d\right).\left(b-d\right)}=\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}\)
b/ \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{3a-2c}{3b-2d}=\dfrac{3a^2-2ac}{3b^2-2bd}\)