a) ta có
\(3\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\)
\(=\left(a^3+ab^2\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có
\(a^3+ab^2\ge2a^2b\) ; \(b^3+bc^2\ge2b^2c\) ; \(c^3+ca^2\ge2c^2a\)
\(\left(a^3+ab^2\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)\(\Rightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\) (1)
Áp dụng BĐT C.B.S ta có
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3\) (2)
từ (1) và (2) ta được đpcm
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có :
\(ab\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}=\dfrac{3-c^2}{2}\) tương tự
\(bc\le\dfrac{3-a^2}{2}\) ; \(ac\le\dfrac{3-b^2}{2}\)
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành :
\(\dfrac{3-a^2}{2\left(3+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-b^2}{2\left(3+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-c^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta chứng minh BĐT phụ sau
\(\dfrac{3-c^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{c^2}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow12-4c^2\le2c^2\left(3+c^2\right)\Leftrightarrow c^4+5c^2+6\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c^2+2\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
tương tự : \(\dfrac{3-a^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2}{4}\) ; \(\dfrac{3-b^2}{2\left(3+b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{b^2}{4}\)
Cộng Ba vế BĐT trên lại ta có:
\(\dfrac{3-a^2}{2\left(3+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-b^2}{2\left(3+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{3-c^2}{2\left(3+c^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
