Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(a+2b\right)^2\le\left(a^2+2b^2\right)\left(1+2\right)\le3c^2\cdot3=9c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+2b\le3c\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{2b}\ge\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{a+2b}\ge\frac{9}{3c}=\frac{3}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Theo đề bài, ta có: \(a^2+2b^2\le3c^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{{{a^2}}}{{{c^2}}} + \dfrac{{2{b^2}}}{{{c^2}}} \le 3\) .
Ta đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=x;\dfrac{b}{c}=y\). Suy ra \(x^2+2y^2 \le 3\)
Suy ra \(3 \ge {x^2} + 2{y^2} = {x^2} + {y^2} + {y^2} \ge 3\sqrt[3]{{{x^2}{y^4}}} \Leftrightarrow {x^2}{y^4} \le 1\left( 1 \right)\)
Đặt \(A = \dfrac{c}{a} + \dfrac{{2c}}{b} = \dfrac{1}{x} + \dfrac{2}{y} = \dfrac{1}{{2x}} + \dfrac{1}{{2x}} + \dfrac{1}{{2y}} + \dfrac{1}{{2y}} + \dfrac{1}{{2y}} + \dfrac{1}{{2y}} \ge 6\sqrt[6]{{\dfrac{1}{{2x}}.\dfrac{1}{{2x}}.\dfrac{1}{{2y}}.\dfrac{1}{{2y}}.\dfrac{1}{{2y}}.\dfrac{1}{{2y}}}} \ge \dfrac{6}{2}\sqrt[6]{{\dfrac{1}{{{x^2}{y^4}}}}} = 3\left( 2 \right)\)
Từ $(1)$ và $(2)$ suy ra: \(A \ge 3\) hay \(\dfrac{c}{a} + \dfrac{{2c}}{b} \ge 3 \Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{a} + \dfrac{2}{b} \ge \dfrac{3}{c}\left( {dpcm} \right)\)
