Bài 2:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=0\\x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Áp dụng => \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z (vô lí do x,y,z đôi 1 khác nhau)
=> x + y + z =0
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-z\\y+z=-x\\z+x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào P = -16 - 3 + 2019 = 2000
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(x^2+y^2+5x^2y^2+60=37xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2xy+60=35xy-5x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+60=5\left(7xy-x^2y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+60=\frac{5\cdot49}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\left(2xy-7\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[2\left(x-y\right)\right]^2+5\left(2xy-7\right)^2=5\cdot49-60\cdot4=5\)
mà \(x,y\in Z\) và \(2xy-7\ne0\); \(5\left(2xy-7\right)^2\ge5\)
nên \(\left[2\left(x-y\right)\right]^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)
|(2xy-7)|=1
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-7=-1\\2x^2-7=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2=6\\2x^2=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=3\left(loại\right)\\x^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm2\)
Vậy: (x,y)=(\(\pm2;\pm2\))