a: \(=\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\right)}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\right]\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
b: \(=12^{2n-1}-3x^n-12^{2n-1}+2x^{n+1}\)
\(=-3x^n-2x^{n+1}\)