a) \(x^3-3x+1-3x^2=\left(x^3+1\right)-\left(3x^2+3x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-3x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1-3x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-4x+1\right)\)
b) \(2x^2+4x+2-2y^2=2\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\right]=2\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)