VII. Complete the sentences, using the words and phrases given. You can add some words and make changes.

1. The major cause/ water pollution/ Vietnam/ be the weakness in industrial wastewater management.

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2. Many factories/ use fresh water/ carry away waste/ their plants/ canals, rivers, and lakes.

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3. Most/ them/ not have a wastewater treatment system.

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4. Industrial waste water/ be directly discharged/ canals, lakes, ponds,/ rivers, caus­ing serious pollution/ surface water.

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5. For example,/ 2008, Vedan factory, a sodium glutamate plant, released their untreated industrial wastewater/ the Thi Vai River/ caused tons/ fish and ducks in the river/ die.

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6. Another cause/ water pollution in Vietnam/ be the lack/ awareness among citizens.

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7. Every day people/ generate a/ of garbage,/ they throw it directly into canals, river,/ ponds.

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8. They/ collect water from these sources/ do their laundry, wash dishes, and bathe,/ then they/ throw the dirty water that contain detergent/ shampoo directly into them.

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VI. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.

Saving the Environment: One Home at a Time

Pollution can be seen not only throughout the world, but also in our own homes. It comes from household chemicals, the amount of water people use and the waste people produce and throw away. What can be done to stop this pollution? Surprisingly, a person can help save the environment by doing simple things.

First, we need to recycle, which allows products to be used over and over again. Recycling can also reduce the number of trees cut down to produce paper products. It takes very little effort. It is not hard to place plastic and glass bottles, aluminum cans and paper in a bin. Anyone can do it.

Second, we need to watch the amount of water used at home. It can be conserved by taking short showers instead of baths, repairing leaky faucets, using the dishwasher or washing machine only when fully loaded, or simply turning the faucet off while brushing your teeth.

Third, we need to reduce waste. We need to recycle whenever possible, but should also try to use this waste effectively. For example, grass clippings and food scraps can be made into compost for plants. The average person produces 4.3 pounds of waste every day, but we can reduce that amount by recycling and reusing.

If we do our part in our own homes, we can help keep the planet from becoming more polluted.

1. Pollution is caused from the following sources except .

A. water in rivers B. water from households

C. wastes D. house chemicals

2. Recycling can help us .

A. never cut down trees B. produce more paper products

C. place garbage bins easily D. use products again and again

3. In order to save water, we can do all of the following things except .

A. fully use the washing machine

B. repair leaky faucets

C. take short showers instead of baths

D. turn the faucet off while brushing your teeth

4. Recycling helps to reduce waste because .

A. plants need to develop

B. waste can be recycled and reused

C. a person can do it in his home

D. an average man produces compost for plants

5. The word “It” in paragraph 2 refers to .

A. cutting down B. the number

C. recycling D. effort

V. Read the following passage and then answer the questions below it.

Air pollution is a cause of ill-health in human beings. In a lot of countries there are laws limiting the amount of smoke which factories can produce. Although there isn’t enough information on the effects of smoke in the atmosphere, doctors have proved that air pollution causes lung diseases.

The gases from the exhausts of cars have also increased air pollution in most cities. The lead in petrol produces a poisonous gas which often collects in busy streets surrounded by high buildings. Children who live in areas where there is a lot of lead in the atmosphere cannot think as quickly as other children and they are clumsy when they use their hands.

There are other long-term effects of pollution. If the gases in the atmosphere continue to increase, the earth’s climate may become warmer. A lot of the ice near the Poles may melt and may cause serious floods.

1. What can make people sick?

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2. Where does smoke come from?

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3. Can air pollution cause lung diseases?

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4. What else can cause air pollution in cities?

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5. Why does the earth’s climate become warmer?

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IV. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.

Have a walk (1) a beach, listen to the sound of the sea waves, and suddenly you see a lot of rubbish on the beach. Pollution takes away all the (2) of our beaches. I feel really annoyed (3) I see plastic bags lying on the sand, cigarette ends buried in the sand, and soda cans floating in the sea.

There are a lot of things that we can do. (4) we see rubbish, we should do our part in the protecting the land (5) picking it up and throwing it in dust bins. (6) , we can form some kind of organization that helps (7) the beaches. If everyone does their part, the beaches will be a wonderful and beautiful place. We need to start now (8) the beaches are damaged beyond repair.

1. A. on B. in C. at D. over

2. A. beauty B. beautifully C. beautiful D. being beautiful

3. A. before B. after C. when D. while

4. A. While B. Soon C. Unless D. If

5. A. by B. with C. of D. in

6. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore

7. A. cleaning up B. cleaning up C. clean up D. clean off

8. A. when B. after C. until D. before

III. Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. Light pollution make us to see the stars in the sky. (able)

2. Noise is considered as pollution. (environment)

3. The soil becomes because of the use of so many pesticides and fertilizers. (contaminate)

4. waste spills can contaminate groundwater. (industry)

5. habitats have been destroyed in recent years. (nature)

6. A number of cleaning products contain chemicals. (harm)

7. Water samples collected at these villages were seriously with bacteria. (contaminate)

8. People believe that the water has brought cancer to the local residents. (pollute)

9. In many developing countries, water pollution is usually a leading cause of . (die)

10. elements have been found in both ground and underground water sources. (pollute)

11. Fish and many other animals are killed by in their habitat. (pollute)

12. Astronomers are concerned about light pollution because they have in viewing activities in the sky and outer space. (difficult)