Gặp chút sự cố đăng nhập nên hơi muộn, xin lỗi nha
11, \(a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=a^2b-a^2c+b^2c-b^2a+c^2a-c^2b\)
\(=a^2b-ab^2+abc-a^2c+b^2c-abc+ac^2-c^2b\)
\(=ab\left(a-b\right)-ac\left(a-b\right)-bc\left(a-b\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(ab-ac-bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left[b\left(a-c\right)-c\left(a-c\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
12, \(x^3-7x-6\)
\(=x^3-3x^2+3x^2-9x+2x-6\)
\(=x^2\left(x-3\right)+3x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+x+2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left[x\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
13, \(x^4+4\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+4-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)
14, \(a^4+64\)
\(=a^4+16a^2+64-16a^2\)
\(=\left(a^2+8\right)^2-16a^2\)
\(=\left(a^2-4a+8\right)\left(a^2+4a+8\right)\)
15, \(x^5+x+1\)
\(=x^5-x^2+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x^3-1\right)+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[x^2\left(x-1\right)+1\right]\)
16, \(x^5+x-1\)
\(=x^5-x^4+x^3+x^4-x^3+x^2-x^2+x-1\)
\(=x^3\left(x^2-x+1\right)-x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-1\right)\)
17, \(\left(x^2+x\right)^2-2\left(x^2+x\right)-15\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)-15\)
19, \(\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+15\) (*)
Đặt \(x^2+8x+7=a\) ta có:
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+8\right)+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+8a+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a+5a+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+3\right)+5\left(a+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+3\right)\left(a+5\right)\)
Trả lại biến cũ ta có: (*) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\left(x^2+8x+12\right)\)
20, \(\left(x^2+3x+1\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)-6\) (*)
Đặt \(x^2+3x+1=a\) ta có:
(*) \(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+1\right)-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+a-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-2a-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+3\right)-2\left(a+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a+3\right)\)
Trả lại biến cũ ta có: (*) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x-1\right)\left(x^2+3x+5\right)\)