\(R_xO_y+yCO\underrightarrow{t^0}xR+yCO_2\)
TĐB: \(\dfrac{0,07}{y}\) - \(0,07\) - \(\dfrac{0,07x}{y}\) - \(0,07\) (mol)
\(CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\)
TĐB: 0,07 0,07 0,07 0,07 (mol)
Gọi n là hóa trị của kim loại R
\(2R+2nHCl\rightarrow2RCl_n+nH_2\uparrow\)
TĐB: \(\dfrac{0,105}{n}\) - \(0,105\) \(0,0525\) (mol)
\(n_{BaCO_3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13,79}{197}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{0,105}{2}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CO_2}=n.M=0,07.44=3,08\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CO}=n.M=0,07.28=1,96\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng
\(m_{R_xO_y}+m_{CO}=m_R+m_{CO_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4,06+1,96=m_R+m_{CO_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6,02=m_R+3,08\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_R=2,94\left(g\right)\)
\(m_R=n.M\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2,94=\dfrac{0,105}{n}.R\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2,94}{0,105}=\dfrac{R}{n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow28n=R\)
Biện luận
Nếu n=1 \(\Rightarrow R=28\) (loại)
n=2 \(\Rightarrow R=56\) (nhận)
n=3 \(\Rightarrow R=84\) (loại)
Vậy kim loại R là Fe
\(m_{Fe_xO_y}=n.M\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4,06=\dfrac{0,07}{y}.\left(56x+16y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4,06y=3,92x+1,12y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4,06y-1,12y=3,92x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2,94y=3,92x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2,94}{3,92}=\dfrac{x}{y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{x}{y}\)
Vậy CTHH là \(Fe_3O_4\)
b)
\(2Fe_3O_4+10H_2SO_{4\left(đ,t^o\right)}\rightarrow3Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+SO_2\uparrow+10H_2O\)
TĐB:0,0175 0,0875 (mol)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{4,06}{232}=0,0175\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=n.M=0,0875.98=8,575\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{ct}.100\%}{C\%}=\dfrac{8,575.100\%}{98\%}=8,75\left(g\right)\)