\(\text{a) }\sqrt{16-8\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{12+4-4\sqrt{12}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{12}-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{12}-2\)
\(\text{b) }\sqrt{38+12\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{36+2+12\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(6+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=6+\sqrt{2}\)
\(\text{c) }\sqrt{22+12\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{18+2+4\sqrt{18}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{18}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}=4\sqrt{2}\)
\(\text{d) }\sqrt{17-12\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{9+8-6\sqrt{8}}=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{8}\right)^2}=3-\sqrt{8}\)
\(\text{e) }\sqrt{20-10\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{15+5-2\sqrt{75}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{5}\)