1.
$4x^2y+5x^3-x^2y^2=x^2(4y+5x-y^2)$
2.
$5x(x-1)-3y(1-x)=5x(x-1)+3y(x-1)=(x-1)(5x+3y)$
3.
$4x^2-25=(2x)^2-5^2=(2x-5)(2x+5)$
4.
$6x-9-x^2=-(x^2-6x+9)=-(x-3)^2$
5.
$x^2+4y^2+4xy=x^2+2.x.2y+(2y)^2=(x+2y)^2$
6.
$\frac{1}{64}-27x^3=(\frac{1}{4})^3-(3x)^3$
$=(\frac{1}{4}-3x)(\frac{1}{16}+\frac{3x}{4}+9x^2)$
7.
$x^3-6x^2+12x-8=x^3-3.x^2.2+3.x.2^2-2^3$
$=(x-2)^3$
8.
$x^2-x-y^2-y=(x^2-y^2)-(x+y)=(x-y)(x+y)-(x+y)$
$=(x+y)(x-y-1)$
9.
$5x-5y+ax-ay=5(x-y)+a(x-y)$
$=(x-y)(5+a)$