x4+16
=(x2)2 +42
=(x2+4)(x2-4)
16x4+1
=(4x2)2 +1
=(4x2+1)(4x2-1)
a) \(x^4+16\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2+4^2\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2+2x^2.4+4^2-2x^2.4\)
\(=\left(x^2+4\right)^2-8x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+4\right)^2-\left(2\sqrt{2}x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+4-2\sqrt{2}x\right)\left(x^2+4+2\sqrt{2}x\right)\)
b) \(16x^4+1\)
\(=4^2\left(x^2\right)^2+1\)
\(=\left(4x^2\right)^2+1\)
\(=\left(4x^2\right)^2+2.4x^2+1-2.4x^2\)
\(=\left(4x^2+1\right)^2-8x^2\)
\(=\left(4x^2+1\right)^2-\left(2\sqrt{2}x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(4x^2+1-2\sqrt{2}x\right)\left(4x^2+1+2\sqrt{2}x\right)\)