Câu a)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \sqrt[3]{1-x}=a\\ \sqrt{x+2}=b\end{matrix}\right.\). Khi đó ta thu được hệ sau:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a+b=1\\ a^3+b^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} b=1-a\\ a^3+b^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+(1-a)^2=3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+a^2-2a-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2(a+1)-2(a+1)=0\Leftrightarrow (a+1)(a^2-2)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=-1\\ a=\pm \sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=2\\ x=1-\sqrt{8}\\ x=1+\sqrt{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thử lại thấy $x=2$ và $x=1+\sqrt{8}$ thỏa mãn.
Câu b)
Đặt \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \sqrt[3]{x^2-x-8}=a\\ \sqrt[3]{x^2-8x-1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a^3-b^3=7x-7\)
PT trở thành:
\(\sqrt[3]{a^3-b^3+8}-a+b=2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt[3]{a^3-b^3+8}=a-b+2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3-b^3+8=(a-b+2)^3=a^3-b^3+8+3(a-b)(a+2)(-b+2)\)
(áp dụng công thức \((a+b+c)^3=a^3+b^3+c^3+3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\) )
\(\Rightarrow (a-b)(a+2)(-b+2)=0\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} a=b\\ a=-2\\ b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(a=b\Rightarrow x^2-x-8=x^2-8x-1\Rightarrow 7x-7=0\Rightarrow x=1\)
Nếu \(a=-2\Rightarrow x^2-x-8=-8\Rightarrow x^2-x=0\Rightarrow x=0; x=1\)
Nếu $b=2$ thì \(x^2-8x-1=8\Rightarrow x^2-8x-9=0\Rightarrow x=9; x=-1\)
Thử lại.............
ĐK : \(x\ge-2\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{1-x}=a\\\sqrt{x}+2=b\end{matrix}\right.\) Ta có hệ :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=1\\a^3+b^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\\a=\sqrt{2}\\a=-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=2\\b=1-\sqrt{2}\\b=1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
