1.
\(2sinx+cosx=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}}sinx+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}cosx\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(x+arccos\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}}\right)=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}}>1\)
\(\Rightarrow2sinx+4cosx-4\ne0\)
Khi đó:
\(2P.sinx+P.cosx-4P=sinx-2cosx-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2P-1\right)sinx+\left(P+2\right)cosx=4P-3\)
Phương trình có nghiệm khi:
\(\left(2P-1\right)^2+\left(P+2\right)^2\ge\left(4P-3\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4P^2-4P+1+P^2+4P+4\ge16P^2+9-24P\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11P^2-24P+4\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{11}\le P\le2\)
\(\Rightarrow maxP=2\)