10)9.3x+1=37
\(\Leftrightarrow\)3x+1=37:32
\(\Rightarrow\)3x+1=35
\(\Rightarrow\)x+1=5
\(\Rightarrow\)x=4
11)Vì 42\(⋮\)x,60\(⋮\)x,84\(⋮\)x và x là số lớn nhất
\(\Rightarrow x=ƯCLN\left\{42;60;84\right\}\)
42=2.3.7 60=22.3.5 84=22.3.7
\(\Rightarrow x=ƯCLN\left\{42;60;84\right\}=2.3=6\)
Vậy x=6
12)(2x+11)\(⋮\)x+3
Ta có:2x+11=2x+6+5=2x+2.3+5=2(x+3)+5
Mà 2(x+3)\(⋮\)x+3 nên để (2x+11)\(⋮\)x+3 thì 5\(⋮\)x+3
\(\Rightarrow\)x+3\(\inƯ\left\{5\right\}\)\(=\left\{1;5\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;2\right\}\)