a, Điều kiện xác định: \(\frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4} \ne k\pi \Leftrightarrow x \ne - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi ,k \in \mathbb{Z}.\)
Ta có: \(cot\left( {\frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = - 1 \Leftrightarrow cot\left( {\frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cot \left( { - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right)\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{2}x + \frac{\pi }{4} = - \frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi \Leftrightarrow x = - \pi + k2\pi ,k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\,(TM).\)
Vậy \(x = - \pi + k2\pi ,k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\).
b, Điều kiện xác định: \(3x \ne k\pi \Leftrightarrow x \ne k\frac{\pi }{3},k \in \mathbb{Z}.\)
\(\;cot3x = - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3} \Leftrightarrow cot3x = \cot \left( { - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right)\)
\( \Leftrightarrow 3x = - \frac{\pi }{3} + k\pi \Leftrightarrow x = - \frac{\pi }{9} + k\frac{\pi }{3},k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\,(TM).\)
Vậy \(x = - \frac{\pi }{9} + k\frac{\pi }{3},k \in \mathbb{Z}\,\).