\(M=-x^2-y^2-2x+2y-3\)
\(=-\left(x^2+y^2+2x-2y+3\right)\)
\(=-\left(\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-1\le-1< 0\forall x,y\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)