Question

Chứng minh các mệnh đề sau theo phương pháp qui nạp dãy số:

\(a,\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{n}{n+1}\forall n\in N\)*

\(b,1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 2-\dfrac{1}{n}\forall n\ge2\)

 

Answer 1

\(a,n=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{1.2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(đúng\right)\\ G\text{/}s:n=k\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\\ \text{Với }n=k+1\\ \text{Cần cm: }\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k+2}\\ \text{Ta có }VT=\dfrac{k}{k+1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}=\dfrac{k^2+2k+1}{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}=\dfrac{k+1}{k+2}=VP\)

Vậy với \(n=k+1\) thì mệnh đề cũng đúng

Vậy theo pp quy nạp ta đc đpcm