a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{9+x}{43+x}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(9+x\right)=1\left(43+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27+3x=43+x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=8\)
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{9+y}{43-y}=\dfrac{5}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(y+9\right)=5\left(43-y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13y=143\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=11\)