Ta có \(-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{4ab^2}{2\sqrt{4b^2}}=\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b}=ab\)
\(-\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{4a^2b}{2\sqrt{4a^2}}=\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a}=ab\)
Mà \(\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}=\dfrac{a\left(4b^2+1\right)}{4b^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b\left(4a^2+1\right)}{4a^2+1}-\dfrac{4ab^2}{4a^2+1}\ge a-ab+b-ab=4ab-2ab=2ab\)
Mà \(a+b=4ab\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=4\ge\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{ab}}\Rightarrow4\sqrt{ab}\ge2\Rightarrow ab\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{4b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{4a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
ĐK $\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=4$
Đặt $\frac{1}{x}=a; \frac{1}{y}=b$ thì bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a,b>0$ thỏa mãn $a+b=4$. CMR:
$P=\frac{x^2}{y(x^2+4)}+\frac{y^2}{x(y^2+4)}\geq \frac{1}{2}$
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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$\frac{x^2}{y(x^2+4)}+\frac{y(x^2+4)}{64}\geq \frac{x}{4}$
$\frac{y^2}{x(y^2+4)}+\frac{x(y^2+4)}{64}\geq \frac{y}{4}$
Cộng theo vế và rút gọn:
$P\geq \frac{3(x+y)-xy}{16}=\frac{12-xy}{16}$
Mà $xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=4$
$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{12-4}{16}=\frac{1}{2}$
Ta có đpcm.
