Bài 1:
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 65x + 27y = 21,1 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,65\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%\approx61,6\text{% }\\\%m_{Al}\approx38,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,3.133,5=40,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 2: Cu không tác dụng với dd HCl nên cr thu được là Cu.
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=10-5,6=4,4\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 3:
PT: \(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)
\(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2AlCl_3\)
a, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 56x + 27y = 2,2 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{Cl_2}=0,09\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,09\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\left(mol\right)\\y=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,02.56}{2,2}.100\%\approx50,91\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx49,09\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeCl_3}=0,02.162,5=3,25\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,04.133,5=5,34\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 4:
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnO}=m_{hh}-m_{Zn}=8,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{21,1}.100\%\approx61,6\%\\\%m_{ZnO}\approx38,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!