1) nNaOH = 0,3 . 0,15 = 0,045 mol
H2SO4 + 2NaOH -----> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
-Theo PTHH: nH2SO4 = 0,0225 mol
=> VH2SO4 = 0,0225/0,5 = 0,045 lít = 45 ml
2) nNaOH = 0,7 mol
nAlCl3 = 0,15 mol
3NaOH (0,45) + AlCl3 (0,15) ----> 3NaCl + Al(OH)3 (0,15)
=> nNaOH dư = 0,7 - 0,45 = 0,25 mol
Al(OH)3 (0,15) + NaOH (0,15) ------> NaAlO2 + 2H2O
=> m KT = mAl(OH)3 = 0 gam
Bài 1:
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
\(n_{NaOH}=0,3\times0,15=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,045=0,0225\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,0225}{0,5}=0,045\left(l\right)=45ml\)
Bài 2:
3NaOH + AlCl3 → 3NaCl + Al(OH)3↓
\(n_{NaOH}=0,35\times2=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl_3}=0,15\times1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=3n_{AlCl_3}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{14}{3}n_{AlCl_3}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{14}{3}>3\) ⇒ dd NaOH dư, dd AlCl3 hết
Theo PT: \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=0,15\times78=11,7\left(g\right)\)