\(16a^2b-16ab+4b=4b\left(4a^2-4a+1\right)=4b\left(2a-1\right)^2\\ 5a^3-10a=5a\left(a^2-2\right)=5a\left(a-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{2}\right)\\ 3x-3z+x^2-2xz+z^2\\ =3\left(x-z\right)+\left(x-z\right)^2=\left(x-z\right)\left(3+x-z\right)\)
\(16a^2b-16ab+4b=4b\left[\left(4a^2\right)-4a+1\right]=4b\left[\left(2a\right)^2-4a+1\right]=4b\left(2a-1\right)^2\)
\(5a^3-10a=5a\left(a^2-2\right)\)
\(3x-3z+x^2-2xz+z^2=\left(3x-3z\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)=3\left(x-z\right)+\left(x-z\right)^2=\left(x-z\right)\left[3+\left(x-z\right)\right]=\left(x-z\right)\left(3+x-z\right)\)
