Bài 1: Giaỉ:
a) PTHH: H2SO4 + Fe -> FeSO4 + H2 (1)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ =>V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b) PTHH: 3H2 + Fe2O3 -to-> 2Fe + 3H2O (2)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH và đề bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{n_{H_2\left(đề\right)}}{n_{H_2\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,5}{3}< \dfrac{n_{Fe_2O_3\left(đề\right)}}{n_{Fe_2O_3\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,3}{1}\)
=> H2 hết, Fe2O3 dư, tính theo \(n_{H_2}\)
c) Theo đề bài, ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.0,5}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.56\approx18,6667\left(g\right)\)
nFe=m/M=28/56=0,5(mol)
PT:
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 +H2
1............1..............1...............1 (mol)
0,5 -> 0,5 ->0,5 -> 0,5 (mol)
=> VH2=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2(lít)
c) nFe2O3=m/M=48/160=0,3(mol)
PT:
Fe2O3 + 3H2 -> 2Fe + 3H2O
1..............3.............2............3 (mol)
0,17<- 0,5 -> 0,33 -> 0,5 (mol)
Chất dư là Fe2O3
ta có: mFe=n.M=0,33.56=18,48(gam)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5mol\)
theo PTHH=> nH2=0,5mol=>VH2=0,5.22,4=11,2lit
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0,3mol\)
ta có \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{3}=>Fe_2O_3dư\)
theo pthh=> \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,5mol\)
=> KL Fe thu được:0,5.56=28gam