\(CH_2=CH_2+H_2O\underrightarrow{^{t^o,xt}}C_2H_5OH\)

\(C_2H_5OH+O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o,mengiam}}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)

\(2CH_3COOH+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+2H_2O\)

1. \(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{10}{10+190}.100\%=5\%\)

2. \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

3. \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

____0,3______0,6______0,3___0,3 (mol)

a, \(m_{Mg}=0,3.24=7,2\left(g\right)\)

b, \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)

c, \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\)

a, \(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

b, \(Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

c, \(3Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2FeCl_3\rightarrow2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3CaCl_2\)

Sửa đề: 24,2 (g) → 34,2 (g)

Ta có: n_H2SO4 =  0,1.3 = 0,3 (mol)

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{A_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M_{A_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{34,2}{0,1}=342\left(g/mol\right)\)

⇒ 2M_A + 96.3 = 342

⇒ M_A = 27 (g/mol)

→ A là Al.

Ta có: 24n_Mg + 27n_Al = 12,6 (1)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{14,874}{24,79}=0,6\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,6}.100\%\approx57,14\%\\\%m_{Al}=42,86\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{24}{24}=1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

____1_______1_______________1 (mol)

a, \(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{0,2}=5\left(l\right)\)

b, \(V_{H_2}=1.24,79=24,79\left(l\right)\)

a, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,958}{24,79}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=m_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m_Fe = 0,2.56 = 11,2 (g)

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{20\%}=36,5\%\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.36,5\%}{36,5}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{2}< \dfrac{1,5}{6}\), ta được HCl dư.

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=3n_{Al}=1,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ V_H2 = 0,6.24,79 = 14,874 (l)

n_{HCl (dư)} = 1,5 - 1,2 = 0,3 (mol)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 10,8 + 150 - 0,6.2 = 159,6 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.133,5}{159,6}.100\%\approx33,5\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{159,6}.100\%\approx6,86\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_{2}}=\dfrac{24,79}{24,79}=1(mol)\)

PT: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

_____2/3___________2/3____1 (mol)

a, m_Al = 27.2/3 = 18 (g)

b, m_AlCl3 = 133,5.2/3 = 89 (g)